(2003) and Kennedy et al
10.3389/fendo.2025.1673012 80 ThvenodF.WolffN
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Along with muscular weakness, there was progressing intracranial (sinus sagittal superior), portal and caval hypertension, and aortal hypotension, progressing thrombosis, in arteries and veins, both peripherally and centrally, severe ECG disturbances, and severe lesions in the brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract [80]
Growth factors like IGF-1 LR3 and MGF (mechano growth factor) also show minimal pharmacodynamic overlap with serotonergic, dopaminergic, or norepinephrine pathways
Ligand-dependent TLR4 activation (e.g., by advanced glycation end-products or LPS), initiates NF-B-driven pro-inflammatory and fibrotic cascades and NLRP3 inflammasome priming