Sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, improves myocardial response in coronary artery disease patients
Nakamaru Y, Akahoshi F, Iijima H, Hisanaga N, Kume T
It has multiple actions including: potentiation of glucose-mediated insulin secretion mechanisms identified: increased -cell proliferation, resulting in an increase -cell mass (Fusco et al, 2017) stimulation of insulin biosynthesis at the translational level, helping to maintain -cell insulin stores and secretory capacity (Baggio & Drucker, 2007) because the GLP-1 effect is glucose-dependent (there is more insulin release when glucose levels are elevated, but less effect when glucose levels are normal), GLP-1 agonists have a lower risk for producing hypoglycemia compared to sulfonylureas (that chronically stimulate insulin release, independent of glucose concentration) suppression of postprandial glucagon release Evidence indicates that stimulation of pancreatic cells by GLP-1 increases their glucose sensitivity, resulting in less glucagon release at any glucose level (Baggio & Drucker, 2007)

Key Takeaways on GLP-1s for Type 2 Diabetes While GLP-1s are important tools for managing diabetes and promoting weight loss, they are not without risk
Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity, 21(5), 358362
How It Compares With Approved Incretin Options Retatrutide is often compared with semaglutide and tirzepatide because all are incretin-related medicines